Green Technology

Supply and demand are always achieved on the grid.  One issue for renewable energy is how to store the power which may be generated during low demand for use during high demand rather than have it go to waste.

" ... hope is that bulk storage will allow solar and wind farm operators to provide electricity to the grid--regardless of wind and sun conditions--making the electricity they provide more valuable."

Storage devices include batteries, flywheels, ice, capacitors and water and vary in their storage capacity.

Check out this slide show of some novel grid energy storage devices.  SLIDE SHOW LINK

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TED event will be streamed from Penn campus.  …

…   “Jason Halpern, the founder and CEO of PowerFlower Solar, a seed stage solar technology company developing a portable, durable solar generator for farmers and the military … “   …

Via University of Pennsylvania: TEDxPenn.

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Upcoming webinar provides insights into creating the greener supplychain.  …

…   “This webinar will first review the underlying strategic choices companies need to face as they embark in supply chain wide environmental initiatives. Using a Corporate Social Responsibility framework, the session will highlight the pressures, risks and trade-offs of supply chain environmental strategies. “   …

Via Harvard Business Review: Greening the Supply Chain.

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at Swarthmore, as students seek to convert waste cooking oil into biodiesel fuel.  The project team is working on the ideal recipe.  …

…   “The entire process is staged in Hicks basement, where solar power is heating up a reaction chamber in which the transesterification process occurs. Once these measurements have been found, Mrozewski and Zarate will be able to create a formula for making biodiesel fuels that others can follow. ”   …

Via Swarthmore College: Recycle Cooking Oil.

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University of Delaware professor Michael Mackay is researching methods to improve the performance of polymer-based solar cells, using phase-sensitive neutron reflectometry.  …

…   “Mackay explains that polymer-based solar cells have the potential to supplement ever-increasing demands for energy due to their low cost and ease of manufacture.”   …

Via University of Delaware: Characterizing Polymer-Based Solar Cells.

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The CityCar is an EV designed to take up minimum space while parked.  This is achieved by "folding" the car.  Instead of the engine and drive train of a gas powered car the drive components are in each wheel eliminating the need for a long rigid structure for the exhaust pipe or drive train components.

" ... weighs less than a thousand pounds, get the equivalent of 150 to 200 miles per gallon of gasoline. ... no tailpipe emissions."

" .. powered by four in-wheel electric motors ... enables maneuvers like spinning on its own axis ... moving sideways ... "

" ... park nose-in to the curb in ... possible to park three or four CityCars in the length of a traditional parking bay."

Via:  MIT LINK

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generation by trapping light promoting absorption and boosting power conversion.  …

…   “It was only when Yu began investigating the behavior of light inside a material of deep subwavelength-scale – substantially smaller than the wavelength of the light – that it became evident to him that light could be confined for a longer time, increasing energy absorption beyond the conventional limit at the macroscale. ”   …

Via Stanford University: Ultra-Thin Solar Cells.

Fan Group research agenda.

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Companies shift to open innovation research model to spur new or enhanced products.  The concept is applied to green technology as Nike opens its patents to outside researchers.  …

…   “Nike announced a new Web-based marketplace it calls the GreenXchange, where it has publicly released more than 400 of its patents that involve environmentally friendly materials or technologies. ”   …

Via Wall Street Journal: Innovation.

GreenXchange Project.

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Costo was an early adapter of charging stations for electric vehicles ... they ere just a little ahead of the curve.  So Costco is updating / upgrading their charging stations.

California is going to be a leader in this as that is where experts expect to see the most electric cars.

" ... The EV Project and ChargePoint America are installing Department of Energy-supported free chargers in California ...  Best Buy, which operates a small fleet of Mitsubishi i-MiEV electric cars for the Geek Squad, and has pledged to install public charging, initially only in California."

With marketers targeting California with EVs this makes good business (and environmental) sense !

Via:  Mother Nature Network LINK

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University of Virginia team will develop research that reduces HVAC energy use by up to 50 percent with a cost target less than five hundred dollars per home to achieve a return on investment within a two years timeframe.  …

…   “The researchers will focus on reducing energy used by buildings' heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. These systems are estimated to account for about 43 percent of all energy used by U.S. homes, and more than 60 percent used by homes in colder climates. Annually, HVAC use accounts for about 28 percent of the nation's electricity use … ”   …

Via University of Virginia: NSF Research Grant.

Univ VA Research Building.

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GE and Better Place will collaborate to advance the development of the electric vehicle infrastructure.  The partnership will leverage technology standards, create financing for batteries development, and expand into deployment into fleets.  …

…   “Standards-based technology: GE’s WattStation will be compatible with the Better Place network. Under the Better Place model, the ownership of the car and battery is separated, allowing EV drivers to avoid the heavy up-front cost of the battery and instead pay for miles and a more convenient, cleaner solution for personal transport.

This partnership will allow consumers that manage charging costs under Better Place’s network to easily charge their vehicles using GE’s WattStation.

Establishing charging uniformity for electric vehicle drivers, guarantees drivers can roam from one charge point to another under one seamless transaction for faster charging and a more convenient experience.

Battery Financing: GE and Better Place will develop a battery financing program that begins with a pilot project to finance 10,000 batteries in Israel and Denmark, which are the first two markets for Better Place.

This financing will further drive the early EV market in those countries, helping to bring the first 10,000 electric cars to consumers there.

Fleet Electrification: GE and Better Place are collaborating to target fleet owners for pilot projects to test a comprehensive fleet electrification offering model in major city centers and connecting highways.

The goal is to convert corporate fleet owners to electric fleets, so owners reap both the economic benefits of lower cost of ownership as well as reducing harmful carbon emissions. ”   …

Via Better Place: Collaboration with GE (Release).

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Lafayette College students have a program underway with the end goal of reducing by 1,000 lbs / day the amount of food scraps sent to landfill.  The composted food will be turned to compost and used in the college gardens.  Full cycle back to the kitchen !

As this is being done on a large scale some special equipment homeowners might not need was required ... " ... two industrial-strength food pulpers that pulverize food remains ... " were needed. 

Via:  Morning Call LINK

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Britain is set to open the world's largest wind farm off Kent (UK) on the English Chanel.  This facility will comprise 100 wind turbines each 300 ft tall; enough to power 200,000 homes.

" ... generate more energy from offshore wind than the rest of the planet put together ..."’s biggest ocean wind farm off Kent"

" ...  energy generated from offshore wind in the UK ... to 1,314MW, compared to 1,100MW in the whole of the rest of the world."

The farm was built by Swedish energy giant Vattenfall.

WOW !!

Via:  Telegraph  LINK

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 Cement manufacturing is an energy intensive process and typically generates LOTS of CO2.  It is estimated that cement manufacture produces 5% of global CO2 !

The challenge for the developing world (and the developed world) is how to make cement and not make so much CO2.

 "... carbon negative cement ... based on a non-carbonate raw material, magnesium silicate, and uses a relatively low temperature production process. ... more CO₂ is absorbed during production than ...emitted"

Substituting a ton of Novacem in place of standard cement would avoid 852 kg of CO2 emissions.

Novacem is based in the UK.

Via:  Novacem  LINK

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IBM achieves its first LEED Gold certification for the company’s green data center in North Carolina, on the Research Triangle Park campus.  The facility is modular in design and capable of scaling addition capacity quickly without impact to the existing datacenter operations.  The sustainable design incorporates features, such as:

• Existing building reuse;
• Construction material recycling;
• Water management;
• Energy conservation;

This design surpasses energy efficiency performance across the global footprint of IBM data centers.  …

…   “The new facility, which is the company's most technologically advanced green data center, officially opened in February 2010 and is IBM's first LEED Gold certified data center.  IBM was awarded the LEED Gold certification by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) which certifies which facilities meet the nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction and operation of high performance green buildings.

A key factor in IBM's LEED recognition was the company's re-use of an existing building on its RTP campus.  The construction reused 95 percent of the original building's shell and in the process IBM recycled 90 percent of the materials from the original building and ensured 25 percent of newly purchased material came from recycled products. 

These factors helped reduce the carbon footprint associated with 100,000 square feet building by nearly 50 percent.  One of the unique features of the IBM facility is a rainwater collection system which generates non-potable water to be used in the facility. “   …

Via IBM: North Carolina Green Data Center (Link to Release).

LEED Gold certification.

IBM Research Triangle Park campus.

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Wisconsin recently enacted a law prohibiting disposal of certain electronics in landfills.  e-Waste is one of the fastest growing sources of landfill trash and improper disposal can leach toxic chemicals into the air and water.  

Effective September 1, 2010 " ... establishes a statewide program, now called E-Cycle Wisconsin, to collect and recycle certain electronics. ... assigns primary responsibility for collection and recycling to the manufacturer. ..."

Via:  Wisconsin DNR  LINK

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Walmart commits to the deployment of lighter, lower cost thin film solar technology through the installation of generating capacity at sites in the West. 

The solar capacity is sized to generate almost a third of the power requirements for the targeted stores. 

The thin film solar technology will focus on accelerating CIGS market adoption.  …

…   “The company plans to add solar generating systems to another 20 to 30 sites in California and Arizona, and the majority of these locations will feature the new technology. 

When complete, this project is expected to:

• supply up to 20 to 30 percent of the total energy needs for each location;
• produce up to 22.5 million kilowatt hours of clean energy per year – enough to power more than 1,750 homes annually;
• avoid producing more than 11,650 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent annually, equal to taking more than 3,000 vehicles off the road for a year;
• add to the 31 current solar installations Walmart has in California and Hawaii.

Thin film solar panels look similar to the traditional crystalline panels, but require fewer raw materials to manufacture, resulting in a smaller environmental impact over its life cycle.

The Walmart projects are using both copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) and cadmium telluride thin film.

The company’s large scale on-site installation of CIGS could help further the development of this technology and bring it to market quicker, while use of cadmium telluride thin film could help make the case for other businesses to adopt the technology for on-site commercial use.

SolarCity, which will design, install, own and maintain the new solar power systems on Walmart locations, was selected through an RFP process spearheaded by Walmart and the national environmental group, Environmental Defense Fund (EDF).

The goal of the RFP was to identify the most innovative solar technologies that would create benefits on three fronts—to the environment, technology, and financial viability.”   …

Via Walmart: Thin Film Solar Technology (Link to Release).

SolarCity is Walmart’s solar partner.

Walmart collaborates with the Environmental Defense Fund to develop its sustainability strategies.

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Wyoming’s Kendall House builds energy-efficient addition with sustainable design, materials, and renewable energy powering electrical requirements.  …

…   “The house features several different green aspects, including a photovoltaic solar system, which will provide about 30 percent of the house's electrical needs. ”   …

Via University of Wyoming: Bim Kendall House.

The Bim Kendall House.

Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources.

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Beyond Low Energy homes are Zero Energy Homes (ZEH).  Using technology including geothermal heating and cooling, PV panels, heat recovery ventilation and super insulation and high efficiency windows the homes in Green Acres (New Paltz NY) may be the first ZEH in the world.

" ... first zero energy (ZEH) community in the United States and possibly the world..."

" ... each home has the capacity to generate enough renewable energy to offset its annual energy needs. ..."

Via:  Green Acres New Paltz (NY)  LINK

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Bank of America's One Bryant Park in Manhattan NYC has achieved LEED Platinum certification.  This is a first for a US high rise commercial building - achieving LEED platinum.

" ...  glass curtain wall permits maximum sunlight ... under-floor air delivery system ... power comes from an on-site cogeneration plant, which works in concert with an ice storage system ..."

The building reuses most all rainwater and sink water saving millions of gallons of potable water yearly. 

Via:  Bank of America  LINK

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Solar power for consumers has lots going for it ... renewable energy, clean power, being green ... and one near term stumbling block --- cost.  Most systems are EXPENSIVE for the initial capiital outlay.

Clarian Power Inc may be able to help lower the price with both affordable and easy to install (DIY type install) products.  Payback can be 3 - 4 years after factoring in rebates and credits.

"Sunfish™ is a plug-in solar power module that’s affordable and easy to install ... SmartBox™ technology allows homeowners to plug solar power into an existing outlet ..."

Via:  Clarian Power Inc.  LINK

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The Edison2 Very Light Car wins five of the ten million dollar prize in the Progressive Insurance Automotive X Prize competition.  Each component of the Very Light Car has been scrutinized for achieving low weight and redesigned to maintain strength and deliver a simplified design.  It is designed to reach a top speed over one hundred miles per hour and even incorporates an iPod driven sound system. …

…   “Boasting the lowest drag coefficient of any car with four wheels tested in the GM wind tunnel and at the Chrysler Proving Grounds, this vehicle demonstrated over 100 MPGe on the test track, and verified in the lab, under stringent testing conditions using a highly innovative small displacement engine.

Its low weight of just 830 pounds is a tribute to its use of light weight materials, reduced engine displacement and a host of other weight-saving innovations. ”   …

Via XPrize: Winners.

The Edison2 Very Light Car.

Progressive Insurance Automotive X PRIZE: The goal of the Progressive Insurance Automotive X PRIZE is to inspire a new generation of viable, super fuel-efficient vehicles that offer more consumer choices.

Ten million dollars in prizes will be awarded to the teams that win a stage competition for clean, production-capable vehicles that exceed 100 Miles per gallon or energy equivalent (MPGe).

GM wind tunnel.  Put into operation in August 1980, the wind tunnel is the largest of its type dedicated to automotive work.

X Prize Foundation: The X PRIZE Foundation is an educational nonprofit prize institute whose mission is to create radical breakthroughs for the benefit of humanity.

Chrysler Proving Grounds.

Miles per gallon or energy equivalent, MPGe.

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Streetline uses software and sensors to adjust parking meter pricing to reduce cars circling for parking spaces.  It is estimated that up to 30 % of carbon emissions are caused once a car is in the city - circling for a cheap parking space at a parking meter.  When meter prices are close to the rate of a parking lot the incentive to keep driving looking for a cheap meter spot goes way down ... as does wasted fuel and emissions and Co2.

" ... estimated that 30% of urban traffic congestion is caused by drivers looking for parking. ... reducing congestion ... makes finding a parking space that much easier. ..."

Via:  Streetine   LINK

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Carbon nanotubes in antenna form are used to concentrate the sun’s energy more efficiently than a solar panel.  …

…   “MIT chemical engineers have found a way to concentrate solar energy 100 times more than a regular photovoltaic cell. ”   …

Via MIT: Solar Funnel.

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Kaikaku lean process is implemented to identify and reduce wasteful energy use.  …

…   “Japan went from clean to polluted back to clean and is in many ways a benchmark in environmental and green kaizen as well.”   …

Via Gemba Panta Rei Blog: Energy Savings.

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NYK's (Nippon Yusen Kaisha) Yamatai will have a unique method to reduce CO2 ... by injecting air bubble at the bottom of the hull.  This reduces drag between the hull and sea water.  The result is lower CO2 emissions. 

" ... first vessel engaged in overseas transport to make use of a permanently installed air-lubrication system using an air-blower ...   generate bubbles ... to the vessel bottom ... expected to result in 10 percent less CO₂ emissions from the vessel."

Via:  NYK Group LINK

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Each year eBay hosts" ...  Innovation Expo ...  to develop prototypes for new products and breakthrough innovations ... ".

The winner this year developed " ... a durable box ... designed to be used over and over and over.."  Since may eBay buyers are also sellers the box would have many "lives" before no longer being usable.

" ...  reused at least five times, we could protect nearly 4,000 trees, save 2.4 million gallons of water ..."

Via:  eBay LINK

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Appalachian State will participate in the 2011 Solar Decathlon, deploying a homestead design that is expected to be net zero energy.  The home design integrates independent outbuilding modules that operate as stand-alone solar collection sites.  …

…   “Russell talks about the construction and technology of this 970-square-foot home called the solar homestead using innovative solar energy that will make it 100 percent self sufficient. 

The concept and design of the home draws on the historical roots of the Appalachian Mountain region, complete with a large porch and outdoor modules. ”   …

Via Appalachian State University: Solar Decathlon Entry.

See the solar home discussed by the team representatives (link to video).

Appalachian State’s Homestead Solar Home.

2011 Solar Decathlon Site.

Appalachian State Solar Decathlon Team.

2011 Competition Rules (PDF).

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Gazelle provides a safe, easy way to implement the 3Rs for old electronics like cell phones, monitors, calculators, camera lenses, laptops, external drives ... see their website for complete details.

They match goods to sellers (if the item has sufficient demand and is in acceptable condition) or arranges for safe and responsible e-recycling.  In addition to keeping e-waste out of landfills you might even get some cash !

" ... easy, fast, and safe way for you to sell electronics and recycle electronics. ... process takes about a week ... Items without market value are recycled responsibly"

Via:  Gazelle LINK

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UK solar farm is planned for installation near wind power installation.  …

…   “The new plant will consist of solar panels arranged on a surface of about 4.7 hectares, and its total capacity will be 1 MW … ”   …

Via Reve: UK Solar Farm Project.

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USC research strives to understand how light behaves in materials, which has implications for solar cell efficiency.  …

…   “Povinelli's research involves creating models of how photons interact with complex materials, in order to understand how light behaves as it moves through devices such as solar cells or optical chips and to create more efficient devices … ”   …

Via USC: Research Innovation.

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New dining facility integrates sustainable practices in its operations.  …

…   “Organic food waste will be composted, extra food will be donated to Feed St. Louis, and waste oil will be converted to biofuel to fuel a dining services truck … “   …

Via Washington University in St. Louis: Dining Facility.

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Networked mobile charging integrated with electric vehicle intelligence will optimize the placement of recharge stations.  …

…   “To determine where the stations are needed, in-car sensors would monitor the level of charge in the battery and periodically report this to a central operations centre … ”   …

Via New Scientist: Mobile Chargers.

Electric vehicle researcher, Zafer Sahinoglu at Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories.

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Eliminating waste sent to the landfill saves both money and the planet.  Many GM plants " ...  no longer send any production waste to landfills." 

43 % send no production waste to landfills !

LINK to see plants by type and location.

The numbers are huge ... " ... 2 million tons ... will be recycled or reused ...additional 45,000 tons ... converted to energy at waste-to-energy facilities...."

Via:  General Motors  LINK

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University of Central Florida’s research program drive local economic impact with solar investment leading the innovation agenda.  …

…   “UCF’s Florida Solar Energy Center led all UCF colleges and institutes with a record $21.2 million, including $10 million for a photovoltaic systems installation program that will generate electricity for at least 190 Florida schools and disaster shelters.”   …

Via University of Central Florida: Local Economy Impact.

Florida Solar Energy Center.

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SEPTA and Viridity Energy are working to reclaim and then reuse or resell the electricity generated by SEPTA subway and trolley cars. 

Much the same as a hybrid auto using regenerative braking to charge a battery - this system  sends the energy generated from braking subway cars back to the Subway power system for short term storage.  This turns the normally wasted energy into a resource.

Viridity Energy 's solution will " ... allow SEPTA to recycle the energy created from the regenerative braking ability of trains and trolleys ... ".  The braking energy will be stored in a large battery.

Benefits will include energy savings by storing the energy that can then be used to reduce SEPTA's draw from the GRID or even returned to the GRID for revenue during peaks use times.  It is projected that energy savings will result in over 1,200 tons of carbon emissions avoided per year and helping " ... balance electric generation and electric load on the PJM interconnection ..."

Via:  Viridity Energy  LINK

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Multiple solar powered houses integrated to a micro smart grid can share power efficiently and effectively.  …

…   “The idea is to pick a neighborhood and bring in a thousand solar panels and transformers to share energy.

One transformer would be shared by five houses. ”   …

Via MIT Tech: Draper Solutions.

Draper Labs.

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Applied Materials makes technical advancements in solar photovoltaics design and process manufacturing.  …

…   “all contacts are placed at the back of the cell.

Using EWT cell architecture with p-type wafers, single-crystal silicon and proven manufacturing processes, Applied has achieved 18.4% cell efficiency on large area cells in R&D testing.

In addition to providing higher conversion efficiency, back contacts lend themselves to new, automated module assembly techniques which eliminate the complex and error-prone task of stringing cells together.

Process results using this technique, called monolithic module assembly (MMA), have shown encapsulation losses of less than 1%, demonstrating the robustness of this high-efficiency, module fabrication technique. ”   …

Via Applied Materials: PV Technology Advancements.

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Research into innovative solutions to our renewable energy needs is one of the strategies advocated by Bill Gates.  …

…   “Our renewable portfolio, as it exists now, is not good enough to get us where we need to be.

Without R&D investments, we are not going to be able to address climate problems in time. ”   …

Via New York Times: Bill Gates Perspective on Climate Change.

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 EPA Fuel Economy stickers are on all new cars and light trucks and ahve been for decades. They list the city and highway mpg as well expected annual feul costs and some information about emissions.

The EPA is now looking to modify (again) the labels ... to allow meaningful comparisons between newer type vehicles ... such as hybrids where MPG does not really apply.  They might group cars by letters like A, B, and C.

" .. provide ... simple, straightforward energy and environmental comparisons across all vehicles types, including electric vehicles (EV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), and conventional gasoline/diesel vehicles. ... information, such as ratings on fuel economy, greenhouse gas emissions, and other air pollutants ..."

Via:  EPA  LINK

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